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Disorders - H
Hallucinogen dependence
Hallucinogen dependência is a transtorno of regulation of hallucinogen uso arising from repeated or continuous uso of hallucinogens. The characteristic feature is a strong internal drive to uso hallucinogens, which is manifested by impaired ability to control uso, increasing priority given to uso over other activities and persistence of uso despite harm or negative consequences. These experiences are often accompanied by a subjective sensation of urge or craving to uso hallucinogens. The features of dependência are usually evident over a period of at least 12 months but the diagnosis may be made if hallucinogens uso is continuous (daily or almost daily) for at least 3 months.
Hallucinogen dependence, current use
atual hallucinogen dependência com hallucinogen uso within the past month.
Hallucinogen dependence, early full remission
After a diagnosis of Hallucinogen dependência, and often following a treatment episódio or other intervention (including self-help intervention), the individual has been abstinent from hallucinogens during a period lasting between 1 and 12 months.
Hallucinogen dependence, sustained full remission
After a diagnosis of Hallucinogen dependência, and often following a treatment episódio or other intervention (including self-intervention), the person has been abstinent from hallucinogens for 12 months or longer.
Hallucinogen dependence, sustained partial remission
After a diagnosis of Hallucinogen dependência, and often following a treatment episódio or other intervention (including self-help intervention), there is a significant reduction in hallucinogen consumption for more than 12 months, such that even though intermittent or continuing hallucinogen uso has occurred during this period, the definitional requirements for dependência have not been met.
Hallucinogen intoxication
Hallucinogen intoxicação is a clinically significant transient condition that develops during or shortly after the consumption of hallucinogens that is characterised by disturbances in consciousness, cognition, perception, affect, behaviour, or coordination. These disturbances are caused by the known pharmacological effects of hallucinogens and their intensity is closely related to the amount of hallucinogen consumed. They are time-limited and abate as the hallucinogen is cleared from the body. Presenting features may include hallucinations, illusions, perceptual changes such as depersonalisation, derealization, or synesthesias (blending of senses, such as a visual stimulus evoking a smell), anxiety, depressed or dysphoric mood, ideas of reference, paranoid ideation, impaired judgment, palpitations, sweating, blurred vision, tremors and incoordination. Physical signs may include tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, and pupillary dilatation. In rare instances, hallucinogen intoxicação may facilitate suicidal ideation and behaviour.
Hallucinogen-induced anxiety disorder
Hallucinogen-induced anxiety transtorno is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxicação com hallucinogens. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of anxiety symptoms that are characteristic of hallucinogen intoxicação. The amount and duration of hallucinogen uso must be capable of producing anxiety symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno (e.g., an Anxiety and Fear-Related transtorno, a Depressive transtorno com prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the hallucinogen uso, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the hallucinogen uso, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental transtorno com anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated com hallucinogen uso).
Hallucinogen-induced delirium
Hallucinogen-induced Delirium is characterised by an acute state of disturbed attention and awareness com specific features of Delirium that develops during or soon after substance intoxicação or during the uso of hallucinogens. The amount and duration of hallucinogen uso must be capable of producing Delirium. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno, by uso of or abstinência from a different substance, or by another health condition that is not classified under Mental, behavioural and Transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento.
Hallucinogen-induced mood disorder
Hallucinogen-induced mood transtorno is characterised by mood symptoms (e.g., depressed or elevated mood, decreased engagement in pleasurable activities, increased or decreased energy levels) that develop during or soon after intoxicação com hallucinogens. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of mood disturbances that are characteristic of hallucinogen intoxicação. The amount and duration of hallucinogen uso must be capable of producing mood symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno (e.g., a Depressive transtorno, a Bipolar transtorno, Transtorno esquizoafetivo), as might be the case if the mood symptoms preceded the onset of the hallucinogen uso, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the hallucinogen uso, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental transtorno com mood symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated com hallucinogen uso).
Hallucinogen-induced psychotic disorder
Hallucinogen-induced psychotic transtorno is characterised by psychotic symptoms (e.g. delusions, hallucinations, disorganised thinking, grossly disorganised behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxicação com hallucinogens. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of psychotic-like disturbances of perception, cognition, or behaviour that are characteristic of hallucinogen intoxicação. The amount and duration of hallucinogen uso must be capable of producing psychotic symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno (e.g. Esquizofrenia, a Mood transtorno com psychotic symptoms), as might be the case if the psychotic symptoms preceded the onset of the hallucinogen uso, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the hallucinogen uso, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental transtorno com psychotic symptoms (e.g. a history of prior episodes not associated com hallucinogen uso).
Hypochondriasis
Hipocondria is characterised by persistent preoccupation or fear about the possibility of having one or more serious, progressive or life-threatening illnesses. The preoccupation is accompanied by either: 1) repetitive and excessive health-related behaviours, such as repeatedly checking the body for evidence of illness, spending inordinate amounts of time searching for information about the feared illness, repeatedly seeking reassurance (e.g. arranging multiple medical consultations); or 2) maladaptive avoidance behaviour related to health (e.g. avoids medical appointments). The symptoms result in significant distress or significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning.
Hypochondriasis with fair to good insight
All definitional requirements of Hipocondria are met. Much of the time, the individual is able to entertain the possibility that his or her transtorno-specific beliefs may not be true and is willing to accept an alternative explanation for his or her experience. At circumscribed times (e.g., when highly anxious), the individual may demonstrate no insight.
Hypochondriasis with poor to absent insight
All definitional requirements of Hipocondria are met. Most or all of the time, the individual is convinced that the transtorno-specific beliefs are true and cannot accept an alternative explanation for their experience. The lack of insight exhibited by the individual does not vary markedly as a function of anxiety level.