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Disorders - A
Withdrawal due to unknown or unspecified psychoactive substance
abstinência due to unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance is a clinically significant cluster of symptoms, behaviours and/or physiological features, varying in degree of severity and duration, that occurs upon cessation or reduction of uso of an unknown or não especificado substance in individuals who have developed dependência or have used the unknown or não especificado substance for a prolonged period or in large amounts. abstinência due to unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance can also occur when prescribed psychoactive medications have been used in standard therapeutic doses. The specific features of the abstinência state depend on the pharmacological properties of the unknown or não especificado substance.
Withdrawal due to unknown or unspecified psychoactive substance, with perceptual disturbances
All diagnostic requirements for abstinência due to unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance are met and the abstinência state is accompanied by perceptual disturbances (e.g., visual or tactile hallucinations or illusions) com intact reality testing. There is no evidence of confusion and other diagnostic requirements for Delirium are not met. The abstinência state is not accompanied by seizures.
Withdrawal due to unknown or unspecified psychoactive substance, with seizures
All diagnostic requirements for abstinência due to unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance are met and the abstinência state is accompanied by seizures (i.e., generalised tonic-clonic seizures) but not by perceptual disturbances.
Withdrawal due to unknown or unspecified psychoactive substance, uncomplicated
All diagnostic requirements for abstinência due to unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance are met and the abstinência state is not accompanied by perceptual disturbances or seizures.
Withdrawal due to unknown or unspecified psychoactive, with perceptual disturbances and seizures
The development of a abstinência syndrome accompanied by both perceptual disturbances and seizures following cessation or reduction of uso of the unknown or não especificado substance.
Agitation or aggression in dementia
In addition to the cognitive disturbances characteristic of Demência, the atual clinical picture includes: 1) clinically significant excessive psychomotor activity accompanied by increased tension; or 2) hostile or violent behaviour.
Agoraphobia
Agorafobia is characterised by marked and excessive fear or anxiety that occurs in response to multiple situations where escape might be difficult or help might not be available, such as using public transportation, being in crowds, being outside the home alone (e.g., in shops, theatres, standing in line). The individual is consistently anxious about these situations due to a fear of specific negative outcomes (e.g., panic attacks, other incapacitating or embarrassing physical symptoms). The situations are actively avoided, entered only under specific circumstances such as in the presence of a trusted companion, or endured com intense fear or anxiety. The symptoms persist for at least several months, and are sufficiently grave to result in significant distress or significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
Alcohol withdrawal
Alcohol abstinência is a clinically significant cluster of symptoms, behaviours and/or physiological features, varying in degree of severity and duration, that occurs upon cessation or reduction of uso of alcohol in individuals who have developed Alcohol dependência or have used alcohol for a prolonged period or in large amounts. Presenting features of Alcohol abstinência may include autonomic hyperactivity (e.g. tachycardia, hypertension, perspiration), increased hand tremor, nausea, retching or vomiting, insomnia, anxiety, psychomotor agitation, depressed or dysphoric mood, transient visual, tactile or auditory illusions or hallucinations, and distractability. Less commonly, the abstinência state is complicated by generalised tonic-clonic seizures. The abstinência state may progress to a very grave form of Delirium characterised by confusion and disorientation, delusions, and prolonged visual, tactile or auditory hallucinations. In such cases, a separate diagnosis of Alcohol-induced Delirium should also be assigned.
Alcohol withdrawal with perceptual disturbances
All diagnostic requirements for Alcohol abstinência are met and the abstinência state is accompanied by perceptual disturbances (e.g., visual or tactile hallucinations or illusions) com intact reality testing. There is no evidence of confusion and other diagnostic requirements for Delirium are not met. The abstinência state is not accompanied by seizures.
Alcohol withdrawal with perceptual disturbances and seizures
All diagnostic requirements for Alcohol abstinência are met and the abstinência state is accompanied by both seizures (i.e., generalised tonic-clonic seizures) and perceptual disturbances (e.g., visual or tactile hallucinations or illusions) com intact reality testing. Diagnostic requirements for Delirium are not met.
Alcohol withdrawal with seizures
All diagnostic requirements for Alcohol abstinência are met and the abstinência state is accompanied by seizures (i.e., generalised tonic-clonic seizures) but not by perceptual disturbances.
Alcohol withdrawal, uncomplicated
All diagnostic requirements for Alcohol abstinência are met and the abstinência state is not accompanied by perceptual disturbances or seizures.
Alcohol dependence
Alcohol dependência is a transtorno of regulation of alcohol uso arising from repeated or continuous uso of alcohol. The characteristic feature is a strong internal drive to uso alcohol, which is manifested by impaired ability to control uso, increasing priority given to uso over other activities and persistence of uso despite harm or negative consequences. These experiences are often accompanied by a subjective sensation of urge or craving to uso alcohol. Physiological features of dependência may also be present, including tolerance to the effects of alcohol, abstinência symptoms following cessation or reduction in uso of alcohol, or repeated uso of alcohol or pharmacologically similar substances to prevent or alleviate abstinência symptoms. The features of dependência are usually evident over a period of at least 12 months but the diagnosis may be made if alcohol uso is continuous (daily or almost daily) for at least 3 months.
Alcohol dependence, current use, continuous
Alcohol dependência com continuous consumption of alcohol (daily or almost daily) over a period of at least 1 month.
Alcohol dependence, current use, episodic
During the past 12 months, there has been alcohol dependência com intermittent heavy drinking, com periods of abstinence from alcohol. If atual uso is continuous (daily or almost daily over at least the past 1 month), the diagnosis of Alcohol dependência, atual uso, continuous should be made instead.
Alcohol dependence, early full remission
After a diagnosis of alcohol dependência, and often following a treatment episódio or other intervention (including self-help intervention), the individual has been abstinent from alcohol during a period lasting between 1 and 12 months.
Alcohol dependence, sustained full remission
After a diagnosis of alcohol dependência, and often following a treatment episódio or other intervention (including self-intervention), the person has been abstinent from alcohol for 12 months or longer.
Alcohol dependence, sustained partial remission
After a diagnosis of alcohol dependência, and often following a treatment episódio or other intervention (including self-help intervention), there is a significant reduction in alcohol consumption for more than 12 months, such that even though intermittent or continuing drinking has occurred during this period, the definitional requirements for dependência have not been met.
Alcohol intoxication
Alcohol intoxicação is a clinically significant transient condition that develops during or shortly after the consumption of alcohol that is characterised by disturbances in consciousness, cognition, perception, affect, behaviour, or coordination. These disturbances are caused by the known pharmacological effects of alcohol and their intensity is closely related to the amount of alcohol consumed. They are time-limited and abate as alcohol is cleared from the body. Presenting features may include impaired attention, inappropriate or aggressive behaviour, lability of mood and emotions, impaired judgment, poor coordination, unsteady gait, fine nystagmus and slurred speech. At more grave levels of intoxicação, stupor or coma may occur. Alcohol intoxicação may facilitate suicidal ideation or behaviour.
Alcohol-induced anxiety disorder
Alcohol-induced anxiety transtorno is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxicação com or abstinência from alcohol. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of anxiety symptoms that are characteristic of Alcohol intoxicação or Alcohol abstinência. The amount and duration of alcohol uso must be capable of producing anxiety symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno (e.g., an Anxiety and Fear-Related transtorno, a Depressive transtorno com prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the alcohol uso, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the alcohol uso or abstinência, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental transtorno com anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated com alcohol uso).
Alcohol-induced delirium
Alcohol-induced Delirium is characterised by an acute state of disturbed attention and awareness com specific features of Delirium that develops during or soon after substance intoxicação or abstinência or during the uso of alcohol. The amount and duration of alcohol uso must be capable of producing Delirium. Specific features of alcohol-induced Delirium may include impaired consciousness com disorientation, vivid hallucinations and illusions, insomnia, delusions, agitation, disturbances of attention, and accompanying tremor and physiological symptoms of alcohol abstinência. In some cases of alcohol abstinência, the abstinência state may progress to a very grave form of Alcohol-induced Delirium. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno, by uso of or abstinência from a different substance, or by another health condition that is not classified under Mental, behavioural and Transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento.
Alcohol-induced mood disorder
Alcohol-induced mood transtorno is characterised by mood symptoms (e.g., depressed or elevated mood, decreased engagement in pleasurable activities, increased or decreased energy levels) that develop during or soon after intoxicação com or abstinência from alcohol. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of mood disturbances that are characteristic of Alcohol intoxicação or Alcohol abstinência. The amount and duration of alcohol uso must be capable of producing mood symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno (e.g., a Depressive transtorno, a Bipolar transtorno, Transtorno esquizoafetivo), as might be the case if the mood symptoms preceded the onset of the alcohol uso, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the alcohol uso or abstinência, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental transtorno com mood symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated com alcohol uso).
Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder
Alcohol-induced psychotic transtorno is characterised by psychotic symptoms (e.g. delusions, hallucinations, disorganised thinking, grossly disorganised behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxicação com or abstinência from alcohol. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of psychotic-like disturbances of perception, cognition, or behaviour that are characteristic of Alcohol intoxicação or Alcohol abstinência. The amount and duration of alcohol uso must be capable of producing psychotic symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno (e.g. Esquizofrenia, a Mood transtorno com psychotic symptoms), as might be the case if the psychotic symptoms preceded the onset of the alcohol uso, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the alcohol uso or abstinência, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental transtorno com psychotic symptoms (e.g. a history of prior episodes not associated com alcohol uso).
Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with delusions
Alcohol-induced psychotic transtorno com delusions is characterised by the presence of delusions that are judged to be the direct consequence of alcohol uso. Neither hallucinations nor other psychotic symptoms are present. The symptoms do not occur exclusively during hypnogogic or hypnopompic states, are not better accounted for by another mental and behavioural transtorno (e.g., Esquizofrenia), and are not due to another transtorno or disease classified elsewhere (e.g., epilepsies com visual symptoms).
Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with hallucinations
Alcohol-induced psychotic transtorno com hallucinations is characterised by the presence of hallucinations that are judged to be the direct consequence of alcohol uso. Neither delusions nor other psychotic symptoms are present. The symptoms do not occur exclusively during hypnogogic or hypnopompic states, are not better accounted for by another mental and behavioural transtorno (e.g., Esquizofrenia), and are not due to another transtorno or disease classified elsewhere (e.g., epilepsies com visual symptoms).
Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with mixed psychotic symptoms
Alcohol-induced psychotic transtorno com mixed psychotic symptoms is characterised by the presence of multiple psychotic symptoms, primarily hallucinations and delusions, when these are judged to be the direct consequence of alcohol uso. The symptoms do not occur exclusively during hypnogogic or hypnopompic states, are not better accounted for by another mental and behavioural transtorno (e.g., Esquizofrenia), and are not due to another transtorno or disease classified elsewhere (e.g., epilepsies com visual symptoms).
Alzheimer disease dementia, mixed type, with cerebrovascular disease
Demência due to Alzheimer disease and concomitant cerebrovascular disease.
Alzheimer disease dementia, mixed type, with other nonvascular aetiologies
Demência due to Alzheimer disease com other concomitant pathology, not including cerebrovascular disease.
Dissociative amnesia
Amnésia dissociativa is characterised by an inability to recall important autobiographical memories, typically of recent traumatic or stressful events, that is inconsistent com ordinary forgetting. The amnesia does not occur exclusively during another dissociative transtorno and is not better explained by another mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental transtorno. The amnesia is not due to the direct effects of a substance or medication on the central nervous system, including abstinência effects, and is not due to a disease of the nervous system or to head trauma. The amnesia results in significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning.
Dissociative amnesia with dissociative fugue
Amnésia dissociativa com dissociative fugue is characterised by all of the features of Amnésia dissociativa, accompanied by dissociative fugue, i.e., a loss of a sense of personal identity and sudden travel away from home, work, or significant others for an extended period of time (days or weeks). A new identity may be assumed.
Dissociative amnesia without dissociative fugue
Amnésia dissociativa sem dissociative fugue is characterised by all of the features of Amnésia dissociativa occurring in the absence of symptoms of dissociative fugue.
Amnestic disorder
Amnestic transtorno is characterised by prominent memory impairment relative to expectations for age and general premorbid level of cognitive functioning, which represents a decline from the individual’s previous level of functioning, in the absence of other significant cognitive impairment. It is manifested by a deficit in acquiring, learning, and/or retaining new information, and may include the inability to recall previously learned information, sem disturbance of consciousness, altered mental status, or Delirium. Recent memory is typically more disturbed than remote memory, and the ability to immediately recall a limited amount of information is usually relatively preserved. The memory impairment is grave enough to result in significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. It is presumed to be attributable to an underlying acquired disease of the nervous system, a trauma, an infection or other disease process affecting the brain, to uso of specific substances or medications, nutritional deficiency or exposure to toxins, or the etiology may be undetermined. The impairment is not due to atual substance intoxicação or abstinência.
Amnestic disorder due to diseases classified elsewhere
All definitional requirements for amnestic transtorno are met. The memory symptoms are judged to be the direct pathophysiological consequence of a medical condition not classified under mental, behavioural and Transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento, based on evidence from the history, physical examination, or laboratory findings. The symptoms are not better explained by Delirium, Demência, another mental transtorno (e.g., Esquizofrenia or Other Primary Psychotic transtorno, a Mood transtorno) or the effects of a medication or substance, including abstinência effects. The symptoms are sufficiently grave to be a specific focus of clinical attention. The identified etiological medical condition should be classified separately.
Amnestic disorder due to other specified psychoactive substance including medications
All definitional requirements for amnestic transtorno are met. The memory symptoms are judged to be the direct consequence of uso of a specified psychoactive substance other than alcohol; sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics; or volatile inhalants. The intensity and duration of uso of the specified psychoactive substance must be known to be capable of producing memory impairment. The memory impairment may develop during or soon after specified psychoactive substance intoxicação or abstinência, but its intensity and duration are substantially in excess of those normally associated com these conditions. The symptoms are not better accounted for by another transtorno or medical condition, as might be the case if the amnestic symptoms preceded the onset of the specified psychoactive substance.
Amnestic disorder due to psychoactive substances including medications
All definitional requirements for amnestic transtorno are met. The memory symptoms are judged to be the direct consequence of psychoactive substance uso. The intensity and duration of substance uso must be known to be capable of producing memory impairment. The memory impairment may develop during or soon after substance intoxicação or abstinência, but its intensity and duration are substantially in excess of those normally associated com these conditions. The symptoms are not better accounted for by another transtorno or medical condition, as might be the case if the amnestic symptoms preceded the onset of substance uso.
Amnestic disorder due to use of alcohol
All definitional requirements for amnestic transtorno are met. The memory symptoms are judged to be the direct consequence of alcohol uso. The intensity and duration of alcohol uso must be known to be capable of producing memory impairment. The memory impairment may develop during or soon after alcohol intoxicação or abstinência, but its intensity and duration are substantially in excess of those normally associated com these conditions. The symptoms are not better accounted for by another transtorno or medical condition, as might be the case if the amnestic symptoms preceded the onset of the alcohol uso.
Amnestic disorder due to use of sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics
All definitional requirements for amnestic transtorno are met. The memory symptoms are judged to be the direct consequence of uso of sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics. The intensity and duration of uso of sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics must be known to be capable of producing memory impairment. The memory impairment may develop during or soon after sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic intoxicação or abstinência, but its intensity and duration are substantially in excess of those normally associated com these conditions. The symptoms are not better accounted for by another transtorno or medical condition, as might be the case if the amnestic symptoms preceded the onset of uso of sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics.
Amnestic disorder due to use of volatile inhalants
All definitional requirements for amnestic transtorno are met. The memory symptoms are judged to be the direct consequence of uso of volatile inhalants. The intensity and duration of uso of volatile inhalants must be known to be capable of producing memory impairment. The memory impairment may develop during or soon after volatile inhalant intoxicação or abstinência, but its intensity and duration are substantially in excess of those normally associated com these conditions. The symptoms are not better accounted for by another transtorno or medical condition, as might be the case if the amnestic symptoms preceded the onset of uso of volatile inhalants.
Anankastia in personality disorder or personality difficulty
The core feature of the Anankastia trait domain is a narrow focus on one’s rigid standard of perfection and of right and wrong, and on controlling one’s own and others’ behaviour and controlling situations to ensure conformity to these standards. Common manifestations of Anankastia, not all of which may be present in a given individual at a given time, include: perfectionism (e.g., concern com social rules, obligations, and norms of right and wrong, scrupulous attention to detail, rigid, systematic, day-to-day routines, hyper-scheduling and planfulness, emphasis on organisation, orderliness, and neatness); and emotional and behavioural constraint (e.g., rigid control over emotional expression, stubbornness and inflexibility, risk-avoidance, perseveration, and deliberativeness).
Anorexia Nervosa
Anorexia nervosa is characterised by significantly low body weight for the individual’s height, age and developmental stage that is not due to another health condition or to the unavailability of food. A commonly used threshold is body mass index (BMI) less than 18.5 kg/m² in adults and BMI-for-age under 5th percentile in children and adolescents. Rapid weight loss (e.g. more than 20% of total body weight within 6 months) may replace the low body weight guideline as long as other diagnostic requirements are met. Children and adolescents may exhibit failure to gain weight as expected based on the individual developmental trajectory rather than weight loss. Low body weight is accompanied by a persistent padrão of behaviours to prevent restoration of normal weight, which may include behaviours aimed at reducing energy intake (restricted eating), purging behaviours (e.g. self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives), and behaviours aimed at increasing energy expenditure (e.g. excessive exercise), typically associated com a fear of weight gain. Low body weight or shape is central to the person's self-evaluation or is inaccurately perceived to be normal or even excessive.
Anorexia Nervosa with dangerously low body weight
Anorexia nervosa com dangerously low body weight meets all definitional requirements for Anorexia nervosa, com BMI under 14.0 kg/m² in adults or under the 0.3rd percentile for BMI-for-age in children and adolescents. In the context of Anorexia nervosa, grave underweight status is an important prognostic factor that is associated com high risk of physical complications and substantially increased mortality.
Anorexia Nervosa with dangerously low body weight, binge-purge pattern
Anorexia nervosa com dangerously low body weight, binge-purge padrão refers to individuals who meet the definitional requirements of Anorexia nervosa com dangerously low body weight and who present com episodes of binge eating or purging behaviours. These individuals induce weight loss and maintain low body weight through restricted food intake, commonly accompanied by significant purging behaviours aimed at getting rid of ingested food (e.g. self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse or enemas). This padrão also includes individuals who exhibit binge eating episodes but do not purge.
Anorexia Nervosa with dangerously low body weight, restricting pattern
Anorexia nervosa com dangerously low body weight, restricting padrão refers to individuals who meet the definitional requirements of Anorexia nervosa com dangerously low body weight and who induce weight loss and maintain low body weight through restricted food intake or fasting alone or in combination com increased energy expenditure (such as through excessive exercise) but who do not engage in binge eating or purging behaviours.
Anorexia Nervosa with significantly low body weight
Anorexia nervosa com significantly low body weight meets all definitional requirements for Anorexia nervosa, com BMI between 18.5 kg/m2 and 14.0 kg/m² for adults or between the fifth percentile and the 0.3 percentile for BMI-for-age in children and adolescents.
Anorexia Nervosa with significantly low body weight, binge-purge pattern
Anorexia nervosa com significantly low body weight, binge-purge padrão refers to individuals who meet the definitional requirements of Anorexia nervosa com significantly low body weight and who present com episodes of binge eating or purging behaviours. These individuals induce weight loss and maintain low body weight through restricted food intake, commonly accompanied by significant purging behaviours aimed at getting rid of ingested food (e.g. self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse or enemas). This padrão also includes individuals who exhibit binge eating episodes but do not purge.
Anorexia Nervosa with significantly low body weight, restricting pattern
Anorexia nervosa com significantly low body weight, restricting padrão refers to individuals who meet the definitional requirements of Anorexia nervosa com significantly low body weight and who induce weight loss and maintain low body weight through restricted food intake or fasting alone or in combination com increased energy expenditure (such as through excessive exercise) but who do not engage in binge eating or purging behaviours.
Anorexia Nervosa in recovery with normal body weight
Among individuals who are recovering from Anorexia nervosa and whose body weight is more than 18.5 kg/m2 for adults or over the fifth percentile for BMI-for-age for children and adolescents, the diagnosis should be retained until a completa and lasting recovery is achieved, as indicated by the maintenance of a healthy weight and the cessation of behaviours aimed at reducing body weight independent of the provision of treatment (e.g., for at least 1 year after intensive treatment is withdrawn).
Anxiety symptoms in dementia
In addition to the cognitive disturbances characteristic of Demência, the atual clinical picture includes clinically significant symptoms of anxiety or worry.
Anxiety disorder induced by multiple specified psychoactive substances
Anxiety transtorno induced by multiple specified psychoactive substances is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxicação com or abstinência from multiple specified psychoactive substances. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of anxiety symptoms that are characteristic of intoxicação com or abstinência from multiple specified psychoactive substances. The amount and duration of uso of the multiple specified psychoactive substances must be capable of producing anxiety symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno (e.g., an Anxiety and fear-related transtorno, a Depressive transtorno com prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the uso of the multiple specified psychoactive substances, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the uso of the multiple specified psychoactive substances or abstinência from the multiple specified psychoactive substances, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental transtorno com anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated com the uso of the multiple specified psychoactive substances).
Anxiety disorder induced by other specified psychoactive substance
Anxiety transtorno induced by outro especificado psychoactive substance is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxicação com or abstinência from a specified psychoactive substance. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of anxiety symptoms that are characteristic of intoxicação com or abstinência from a specified psychoactive substance. The amount and duration of uso of the specified psychoactive substance must be capable of producing anxiety symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno (e.g., an Anxiety and fear-related transtorno, a Depressive transtorno com prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the uso of the specified psychoactive substance, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the uso of the specified psychoactive substance or abstinência from the specified psychoactive substance, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental transtorno com anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated com the uso of the specified psychoactive substance).
Anxiety disorder induced by unknown or unspecified psychoactive substance
Anxiety transtorno induced by unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxicação com or abstinência from an unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental transtorno (e.g., an Anxiety and fear-related transtorno, a Depressive transtorno com prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the uso of the unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the uso of the unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance or abstinência from the unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental transtorno com anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated com the uso of the unknown or não especificado psychoactive substance).
Apathy in dementia
In addition to the cognitive disturbances characteristic of Demência, the atual clinical picture includes clinically significant indifference or lack of interest.
Current depressive episode with melancholia
In the context of a atual Depressive episódio, several of the following symptoms have been present during the worst period of the atual episódio: loss of interest or pleasure in most activities that are normally enjoyable to the individual (i.e., pervasive anhedonia); lack of emotional reactivity to normally pleasurable stimuli or circumstances (i.e., mood does not lift even transiently com exposure); terminal insomnia (i.e., waking in the morning two hours or more before the usual time); depressive symptoms are worse in the morning; marked psychomotor retardation or agitation; marked loss of appetite or loss of weight.
Current depressive episode persistent
The diagnostic requirements for a depressive episódio are currently met and have been met continuously for at least the past 2 years.
Avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder
Avoidant-restrictive food intake transtorno (ARFID) is characterised by avoidance or restriction of food intake that results in: 1) the intake of an insufficient quantity or variety of food to meet adequate energy or nutritional requirements that has resulted in significant weight loss, clinically significant nutritional deficiencies, dependência on oral nutritional supplements or tube feeding, or has otherwise negatively affected the physical health of the individual; or 2) significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning (e.g., due to avoidance or distress related to participating in social experiences involving eating). The padrão of eating behaviour is not motivated by preoccupation com body weight or shape. Restricted food intake and its effects on weight, other aspects of health, or functioning are not due to unavailability of food, not a manifestation of another medical condition (e.g. food allergies, hyperthyroidism) or mental transtorno, and are not due to the effect of a substance or medication on the central nervous system including abstinência effects.