transtornos due to uso of dissociative drugs including ketamine and phencyclidine [PCP] are characterised by the padrão and consequences of dissociative drug uso. Dissociative drugs include ketamine and phencyclidine (PCP) and their (comparatively rare) chemical analogues. Ketamine is an intravenous anaesthetic widely used in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in Africa, and in emergency situations. Ketamine is also undergoing evaluation for treatment of some mental transtornos (e.g., treatment resistant Depressive transtornos). It is also a widespread drug of nonmedical uso in many countries and may be taken by the oral or nasal routes or injected. It produces a sense of euphoria but depending on the dose, emergent hallucinations and dissociation are recognised as unpleasant side effects. Phencyclidine has a more restricted worldwide distribution and also has euphoric and dissociative effects. Its uso may result in bizarre behaviour uncharacteristic for the individual, including self-harm. Dissociative Drug dependência is described but a abstinência syndrome is not recognized by most authorities. Several Dissociative Drug-Induced Mental transtornos are recognised.